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目的比较分别应用腹腔镜根治术和传统开腹根治术对治疗直肠癌的疗效，确定二者治疗直肠癌的优劣。方法 利用回顾性分析的方法对随机选取我院于2010年1月-2012年12月收治的150例直肠癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性对照分析，将患者随机分为2组，A组总计75例应用腹腔镜根治术进行治疗；B组总计75例应用传统开腹根治术进行治疗。然后将2组数据结果进行分析，比较2组患者的临床和生理指标，分析探讨腹腔镜根治术和传统开腹根治术对治疗直肠癌的疗效的结果。结果 两组治疗后直肠癌患者的指标均有明显改善，但A组应用腹腔镜根治术进行治疗的比B组应用传统开腹根治术进行治疗的疗效更好，A组的各项指标，如平均手术时间、术中出血量、术后恢复时间等情况都要要显著高于B组。结论 A组应用腹腔镜根治术进行治疗的比B组应用传统开腹根治术进行治疗的疗效更好。“,”Objective: To compare laparoscopic radical resection and traditional open surgery for rectal cancer clinical treatment, determine the treatment of rectal cancer between these two. Methods: using the method of analysis of the clinical data of 150 cases of rectal cancer patients were randomly selected in our hospital in 2010 January -2012 year in December treated in our department were retrospectively reviewed, the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, group A total of 75 cases of laparoscopic radical resection for treatment; group B, a total of 75 cases using traditional open surgery treatment. Then the data of the 2 groups were analyzed, compared 2 groups of patients with clinical and physiological index, analysis of laparoscopic radical resection and traditional open surgery for rectal cancer clinical treatment result. Result:The two groups after treatment were significantly improved in patients with rectal cancer, but the A group used laparoscopic radical treatment than in the B group used conventional open gastrectomy for better efficacy of treatment, the indexes of A group, such as the average operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative recovery time is higher than B group. Conclusion: treatment than in the B group used conventional open gastrectomy for better efficacy in treatment of A radical resection group used laparoscopic.