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在聚变堆的设计中,材料的辐照损伤被看成是除了等离子体物理外最重要的技术问题之一,特别是第一壁,它要经受热等离子体、聚变α粒子、14MeV聚变中子、中性原子等的直接照射,高通量、多种粒子的照射使得第一壁辐照损伤的研究特别重要.壁材料的辐照损伤分为两类,一类是体损伤,另一类是表面损伤,表面损伤的主要表现形式为表面溅射、表面发泡和蒸发,聚变α粒子引起第一壁的表面损伤是当今聚变堆研究十分关注的问题.
In the design of the fusion reactor, the irradiation damage of the material is considered as one of the most important technical problems besides plasma physics, especially the first wall, which is subjected to thermal plasma, fusion alpha particles, 14MeV fusion neutrons , Neutral atoms and other direct radiation, high-flux, a variety of particle irradiation makes the first wall irradiation damage is particularly important.Wall materials irradiation damage can be divided into two categories, one is body damage, the other Is the surface damage. The main manifestations of the surface damage are surface sputtering, surface foaming and evaporation. The surface damage of the first wall caused by fusion α particles is a very important issue in the research of fusion reactor.