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目的探讨多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者血清和尿液轻链κ,λ在MM诊断中的临床价值。方法采用速率散射免疫比浊法同时检测66例MM患者及30例健康对照人群血清和尿液轻链κ,λ,评价其对MM诊断的敏感性和特异性。结果发现66例MM患者κ,λ均增高(P<0.05),对照组无明显改变(P>0.05),其中年龄>40岁的男性患者κ,λ增高更为显著(P<0.01)。结论检测血清和尿液轻链κ,λ对MM的诊断具有较高的敏感性和特异性,且检测方法简便、快速,无创伤,不会对患者造成痛苦,可及早预防MM,尤其年龄>40岁的男性患者更应随时监测。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of light chain κ and λ in serum and urine of multiple myeloma (MM) patients in the diagnosis of MM. Methods The serum and urinary light chain κ, λ of 66 patients with MM and 30 healthy controls were detected by the rate-scattering immunoturbidimetry. The sensitivity and specificity of the method for the diagnosis of MM were evaluated. The results showed that the kappa and lambda were increased in 66 cases of MM patients (P <0.05), but there was no significant change in the control group (P> 0.05). Conclusion The detection of serum and urinary light chain κ, λ has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of MM. The detection method is simple, rapid and noninvasive. It will not cause pain to patients and prevent MM early, especially if the age> 40-year-old male patients should be monitored at any time.