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目的为评价珠江三角洲地区1~6岁儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗的免疫效果。方法于2004年7~8月在广州、深圳、东莞、佛山市,采用典型整群抽样方法,随机抽取1997年7月1日~2003年6月30日出生的1 173名儿童,调查乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)阳性率现状。结果HBsAg阳性率1.11%,本地户籍与外地户籍儿童的HBsAg阳性率、不同年龄组儿童HBsAg阳性率,其差异均无显著的统计学意义(χ2=2.00,P=0.157;χ2=2.55,P=0.768)。抗-HBs阳性率65.81%,本地户籍儿童(69.83%)高于外地户籍儿童(61.75%,χ2=8.50,P=0.004);不同年龄组儿童抗-HBs阳性率的差异无显著的统计学意义(χ2=6.94,P=0.225)。结论珠江三角洲地区1~6岁儿童HBsAg阳性率达到较低水平。
Objective To evaluate the immunization efficacy of Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B) vaccine in children aged 1 ~ 6 years in the Pearl River Delta. Methods A total of 1 173 children born from July 1, 1997 to June 30, 2003 in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan City were enrolled in this study from July to August in 2004. Antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) positive rate of the status quo. Results The positive rate of HBsAg was 1.11%. The HBsAg positive rate of local registered permanent residents and foreign registered permanent residents and the HBsAg positive rate of children of different age groups were not significantly different (χ2 = 2.00, P = 0.157; χ2 = 2.55, P = 0.768). The positive rate of anti-HBs was 65.81%. The number of local registered children (69.83%) was higher than that of foreign registered children (61.75%, χ2 = 8.50, P = 0.004). There was no significant difference in the anti-HBs positive rate among children of different age groups (χ2 = 6.94, P = 0.225). Conclusion The positive rate of HBsAg in children aged 1 ~ 6 years in the Pearl River Delta region is low.