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目的:了解温州市肺结核流行特征,为制定结核病防控策略、开展防治工作提供科学依据。方法:采用描述流行病学方法对温州市2010-2014年肺结核患者的流行特征进行分析。结果:2010-2014年期间全市登记活动性肺结核26 712例,登记发病率58.87/10万,其中涂阳肺结核患者9 051例,涂阳肺结核登记发病率19.95/10万。发病率男性高于女性,以70~79岁年龄组最高,职业以工人、农民和民工为主,时间呈现年初、年末低,中间两季度相对较高的趋势。复治患者涂阳率高于初治患者;发现方式以转诊和因症就诊为主;就诊延误率为57.53%。结论:温州市肺结核发病率呈现逐年下降的趋势,应继续严格实施当前结核病控制策略。工人、农民、民工、学生和老年人是结核病防控的工作重点,继续加强医防合作,全面开展药物敏感试验,加强结核病的宣传教育,提高公众结核病相关知识知晓率。
Objective: To understand the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Wenzhou City, to provide a scientific basis for the development of tuberculosis prevention and control strategies. Methods: Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from 2010 to 2014 in Wenzhou City. Results: During the period of 2010-2014, there were 26 712 cases of active tuberculosis registered in the city, with a registered incidence of 58.87 / 100 000, of which 9 051 were smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis and 19.95 / 100 000 were smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. The prevalence of males was higher than that of females, with the highest in the age group of 70-79 years old. Occupation was dominated by workers, peasants and migrant workers. The time was lower at the beginning of the year, the end of the year was lower, and the middle quarter was relatively high. The rate of smear positive rate in retreatment patients was higher than that in newly diagnosed patients; the way was found to be referral and symptomatic treatment; the delay rate of visit was 57.53%. Conclusion: The incidence of tuberculosis in Wenzhou shows a trend of declining year by year. The current TB control strategy should continue to be strictly implemented. Workers, peasants, migrant workers, students and the elderly are the focus of prevention and control of tuberculosis. They will continue to strengthen cooperation in medical prevention and prevention, carry out comprehensive drug susceptibility testing, step up publicity and education on tuberculosis and raise public awareness of tuberculosis-related knowledge.