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目的对2005年1月至2009年8月期间在我院ICU及神经外科ICU住院420例确诊为肺部感染者由人工吸取痰液进行培养鉴定并做耐药性分析,为临床诊断和治疗提供指导。方法用常规方法将临床送检的标本进行分离培养,采用K-B法进行体外药敏试验。结果在送检的420例标本中,共分离出380株病原菌,阳性率为90%,其中革兰阴性杆菌290株,阳性率为76.3%;革兰阳性球菌80株,阳性率为21%;真菌10株。药敏结果显示:革兰阴性杆菌对头孢唑啉、头孢塞肟、头孢曲松和头孢呋辛耐药率较高,对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、美洛培能和亚胺培南敏感性较好。革兰阳性球菌首选万古霉素和替考拉宁。结论临床分离到的病原菌对常用药物有不同程度耐药,临床医师应根据药敏试验结果合理使用抗生素。
Objective To analyze the 420 cases of pulmonary infection admitted to ICU and neurosurgery department in our hospital from January 2005 to August 2009 by artificial suction sputum and analyze the drug resistance for clinical diagnosis and treatment guide. Methods The specimens from clinical examination were isolated and cultured by routine methods and K-B method was used to conduct drug susceptibility testing in vitro. Results Among the 420 specimens tested, 380 strains of pathogens were isolated, the positive rate was 90%, of which 290 were Gram - negative bacilli, the positive rate was 76.3%; the Gram - positive cocci was 80, the positive rate was 21%; 10 fungi. Susceptibility results showed that Gram-negative bacilli had higher rates of resistance to cefazolin, ceftionoxime, ceftriaxone and cefuroxime, but showed higher resistance to piperacillin / tazobactam, cefoperazone / sulbactam, Lospene and imipenem sensitivity is better. Gram-positive cocci preferred vancomycin and teicoplanin. Conclusion The clinically isolated pathogens have different degrees of resistance to commonly used drugs. Clinicians should use antibiotics reasonably according to the results of drug sensitivity test.