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近年女性生殖器官恶性黑素瘤 (MM)发病率有所上升。由于临床尚无大宗病例分析 ,故对其手术范围及术后治疗方法的选择仍存在争议。现对MM的分子生物学研究进展 ,女性生殖器官MM的病理学特征 ,转移复发特征 ,术前淋巴结造影及淋巴结活检的临床价值及治疗进展作一综述。术前淋巴结造影及活检可将患者分为低危、中危、高危 3组 ,以决定术中是否需行淋巴结清扫。建议手术行广泛的局部切除及必要的淋巴结切除术 ,术后辅以多药联合化疗 ,免疫治疗 ,特别是接种多价MM细胞疫苗 ,IFN -α及IL - 2的应用可有效延长患者生存期 ,术后放疗能有效控制局部复发
In recent years, the incidence of female genital malignant melanoma (MM) has increased. Due to the fact that no clinical analysis of large cases, so the scope of their surgery and postoperative treatment options are still controversial. Now MM molecular biology research progress, MM female patients with pathological features of reproductive organs, metastasis and recurrence characteristics, preoperative lymph node angiography and lymph node biopsy clinical value and treatment progress are reviewed. Preoperative lymphadenectomy and biopsy can be divided into low-risk, mid-risk and high-risk patients in three groups to determine whether intraoperative need for lymph node dissection. It is suggested that extensive surgical excision and lymph node resection are recommended. Postoperative multi-drug combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy, especially inoculation of multivalent MM cell vaccine, IFN-α and IL-2 are effective in prolonging the survival of patients Postoperative radiotherapy can effectively control the local recurrence