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借助GIS技术对辽宁昌图县1982年和2011年两个时期土壤pH值的空间变异情况进行比较,通过分析土壤pH与交换性H+、Al3+离子及水溶性盐分等因素间的关系,探讨了当地土壤pH值变化的原因。结果表明:昌图县土壤pH平均值由1982年的6.85降至2011年的6.07,年均下降0.027个单位。就土壤类型而言,棕壤、黑土和草甸土酸化趋势明显,而风砂土pH值变化较小;统计分析结果表明,当地土壤pH与交换性Al3+、Ca2+、Cl-、HCO3-浓度关系密切。昌图地区土壤酸化的主要原因可能是化肥数量的提升和品种的改变,有机肥施用数量较少造成土壤有机质含量下降以及土壤盐基离子的补充不足和淋失数量增加。
By means of GIS technology, the spatial variability of soil pH was compared between two periods in 1982 and 2011 in Changtu County of Liaoning Province. Based on the analysis of the relationship between soil pH and exchangeable H +, Al3 + ions and water soluble salts, The reason of soil pH change. The results showed that the mean value of soil pH in Changtu County decreased from 6.85 in 1982 to 6.07 in 2011 with an average annual decrease of 0.027 units. In terms of soil types, brown soil, black soil and meadow soil had obvious acidification tendency, while the pH value of wind-sand soil changed little. Statistical analysis showed that the relationship between local soil pH and exchangeable Al3 +, Ca2 +, Cl- and HCO3- close. The main reason for soil acidification in Changtu region may be the increase of fertilizer amount and varieties, the decrease of organic matter content in soil and the insufficient replenishment of base salt ions and the increase of leaching amount due to the small amount of organic manure applied.