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目的：了解精神分裂症与心境障碍相互误诊的状况，为临床诊治提供依据。方法对精神分裂症和情感障碍相互误诊的18例患者进行再诊断，并分析误诊原因。结果本组14例情感障碍患者被误诊为精神分裂症，4例精神分裂症患者被误诊为情感障碍；误诊原因为患者临床症状表现不典型，医生对精神症状的把握不足等。结论情感障碍患者被误诊为精神分裂症的状况较多，导致误诊的原因较多，医生应从多方面着手不断提高诊治水平。“,”Objective To investigate the mutual misdiagnosis status of schizo‐phrenia and affective disorder in order to provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods Eighteen mutual misdiagnosis cases of schizophrenia and affective disorder were re‐diagnosed and misdiagnosis causes analyzed .Results Fourteen cases with affective disorder were misdiag‐nosed as schizophrenia and 4 schizophrenia as affective disorder ;misdiagnosis causes were that clinical symptoms were atypical and doctors’ understanding of mental symptoms unclear .Conclusion Affective disorders are more misdiagnosed as schizophrenia ,misdiagnosis causes are more ,doctors should unceas‐ingly improve diagnosis and treatment levels from many aspects .