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目的:用改进火棉胶包埋技术,为翼腭窝新型手术入路提供应用解剖学依据。方法:固定成人尸头标本30例,取其前颅底。标本经脱钙、脱水等系列处理,分别行三维连续薄切片,厚度0.25mm。同时对80侧干燥骨进行测量。结果:翼腭窝形态多样,除有三角形外,还有弧形、横置“S”形、楔形、“L”形、哑铃形、短棒状或斜向外上的窄长条形。翼腭窝在中鼻道处内侧壁厚度为(1.95±0.66)mm(左),(1.97±0.74)mm(右)。在中鼻道处上颌窦口后缘至翼腭窝距离(11.25±1.95)mm(左),(11.22±1.96)mm(右)。结论:新型手术入路不经过上颌窦,运用器械从中鼻道深入至翼腭窝的内侧壁深度,打开薄骨板,直接进入翼腭窝,由此处入路手术创伤小、出血少、安全、术后并发症少。
OBJECTIVE: To provide an anatomical basis for a new surgical approach to the pterygopalatine fossa using improved collodion technique. Methods: Fixed adult cadaver specimens of 30 cases, taking the anterior skull base. Samples by decalcification, dehydration and other series of treatment, respectively, three-dimensional continuous thin section, the thickness of 0.25mm. At the same time, 80 sides of the dried bone were measured. Results: The pterygopalatine fossa was diverse in shape, with the exception of the triangle, with curved, transverse “S” shape, wedge shape, “L” shape, dumbbell shape, shape. The medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa was (1.95 ± 0.66) mm (left) and (1.97 ± 0.74) mm (right) in the middle nasal passages. The distance from the posterior edge of the maxillary sinus to the pterygopalatine fossa was (11.25 ± 1.95) mm (left) and (11.22 ± 1.96) mm (right) at the middle nasal meatus. Conclusion: The new surgical approach does not pass through the maxillary sinus, the depth of the medial wall of the pterygopalatine fossa is reached by means of instruments, the thin plate is opened and directly into the pterygopalatine fossa. , Less postoperative complications.