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公共政策作为一种制度类公共产品,是政府等公共机构制定、实施的约束人们行为的规范与准则,是政府进行社会性利益分配的主要形式。公共政策的制定,从政策需求到政策形式的表达,经历了一个从需求知识、专业知识、技术知识到政策知识的转换过程。而公共政策的制定,则是公共政策网络中政策需求者、政策倡议者、政策设计者、政策制定者、政策执行者、政策评估者的利益均衡与合作收益。只有实现公共政策当事人各方的利益均衡与合作收益,这一公共政策才会得以持续。
As a system of public goods, public policy is the norm and guideline for the government to restrict the behavior of the public. It is the main form of the government’s distribution of social benefits. The formulation of public policy, from the demand of policy to the expression of policy form, has undergone a process of conversion from demand knowledge, professional knowledge, technical knowledge to policy knowledge. The formulation of public policy is the balance of benefits and the cooperation benefits of the policy consumers, policy advocates, policy designers, policy makers, policy implementers and policy assessors in the public policy network. Only by realizing the interests of all parties involved in public policy and the benefits of cooperation will this public policy be sustained.