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目的引起临床医师对头孢菌素导致双硫仑样反应的重视。方法对50例应用头孢菌素类药物过程中饮酒导致双硫仑样反应进行回顾性分析。结果50例患者出现不同程度的双硫仑样反应,轻者45例表现为颜面潮红、头晕、头胀、恶心、呕吐、心悸、胸闷等不适症状,重者5例表现为全身皮肤发红、嗜睡或烦躁、呼吸困难、胸闷、出汗、心绞痛。均经观察、输液、对症治疗,重者应用地塞米松等,症状于2～6 h缓解,24 h消失。结论应用头孢菌素类药物期间及停药一周内要禁酒,或大量饮酒后2 d内要禁用头孢菌素类药物,以免发生双硫仑样反应。
Objective To arouse clinicians’ attention to cephalosporin-induced disulfiram-like reactions. Methods Retrospective analysis of 50 cases of disulfiram-like reaction caused by alcohol consumption during the cephalosporins application was performed. Results Fifty patients showed different degrees of disulfiram-like reaction. The other 45 patients presented with facial flushing, dizziness, tumefaction, nausea, vomiting, palpitations, chest tightness and other symptoms. Drowsiness or irritability, dyspnea, chest tightness, sweating, angina pectoris. All were observed, infusion, symptomatic treatment, severe dexamethasone, etc., the symptoms ease in 2 ~ 6 h, 24 h disappeared. Conclusions Cephalosporins should be banned within 2 days after taking cephalosporins during the course of withdrawal and one week after taking cefazolin, so as to avoid disulfiram-like reaction.