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本文旨在揭示I pray由表示具体含义的主谓短语逐渐转化成为抽象性话语标记的历时性语法化过程。作者首先通过对251例出现在乔叟等数位14世纪后期英国作家作品中的I preye(you/thee)这一语言表现的具体考察,发现中英语期的此类词汇性短语大部分仍旧保持有“请求/祈祷”的实际含义,语法化程度还仅仅处在起步阶段,也远没有发展完善成为现代英语中特定的话语标记现象;但与此同时,相当数量的I preye(you/thee)又显示出一定的位移灵活性、且之中实意动词均为一般现在时态的动词原形等诸多句法特征。在此基础上,本文推断该词汇性短语在乔叟时代的14世纪后期就已经具备完成语法化、成为话语标记的基本条件,并且祈使句和疑问句的首尾两个句法位置很有可能是其成为话语标记的最初发端点。
The purpose of this article is to reveal the dialectical dialectical process of I pray being gradually transformed from a predicate-verb that expresses concrete meaning into an abstract discourse marker. By first examining the linguistic manifestations of I preye (you / thee), which appeared in some of the late-fourteenth-century British writers such as Chaucer, the author found that most of these lexical phrases in Chinese and English still remained The actual meaning of “request / prayer”, the degree of grammaticalization is still only in its infancy, and far from perfect development to become a specific discourse marker in modern English phenomenon; but at the same time, a considerable number of I preye (you / thee ) Shows a certain degree of flexibility of displacement, and the intent verbs are all the syntactic features of verb prototype such as general present tense. On this basis, the present paper concludes that the lexical phrase has become grammaticalized and becomes the basic condition of discourse markers in the late 14th century in the Qiao Dynasty, and the syntactic position of the beginning and the end of the imperative sentence and the interrogative sentence is likely to be the discourse The initial end of the tag.