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目的通过调查宁波盲校在校学生视力情况并分析其原因,说明早期预防和康复对儿童视残的重要性。方法采用眼科常规检查方法对41名盲校学生进行眼科检查,并对致病原因、残存视力以及儿童视残特点进行分析。结果先天性和遗传性眼病是致盲的主要因素,其中第一位为先天性眼球震颤、小眼球小角膜等,占总例数的34.15%,第二位为先天性白内障、青光眼等眼病,占总例数的26.83%。有视力残存者即低视力及以上者(视力>0.02)28人占62.29%,视力为光感至指数之间者9人占21.95%,无光感者4人占9.75%,盲目者共计31.7%。结论宁波市盲校学生眼病致盲原因中,主要是先天性遗传性眼病,提示儿童眼病及早发现并治疗的迫切性。
Objective To investigate the situation of blind students in Ningbo blind school and analyze its causes, and to show the importance of early prophylaxis and rehabilitation for children with visual acuity. Methods A total of 41 blind students were ophthalmologically examined by routine ophthalmologic examination. The etiological factors, residual visual acuity and visual acuity of children were analyzed. Results Congenital and hereditary eye diseases were the main factors of blindness. The first one was congenital nystagmus, small eye cornea, etc., accounting for 34.15% of the total cases. The second was congenital cataracts and glaucoma and other eye diseases. Accounting for 26.83% of the total number of cases. 28 persons accounted for 62.29% of them who had visual acuity residual vision (visual acuity> 0.02), 9% accounted for 21.95% of acuity index, 9.75% of blind acumen, 31.7% of blind persons %. Conclusions The causes of blindness in blind students in Ningbo are mainly congenital hereditary eye diseases, which indicate the urgency of early detection and treatment of eye diseases in children.