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文章以宁波方言的声学与发音运动学为例,探讨汉语方言中普遍存在的降峰双元音与升峰双元音的语音学上的区别。文章的声学录音来自20位发音人(10男10女),发音运动材料来自6位发音人(4男2女)。声学研究发现:宁波方言的升峰双元音的两个组成成分的声学特性均比较稳定,可变性较小;相比较而言,宁波方言的降峰双元音的两个组成成分之中只有首成分的声学特性相对稳定,而其尾成分则变异性非常大。发音运动学的研究结果则进一步揭示了形成这两类双元音的这种系统性差异的深层机制。本文的研究结果支持这样一个观点,即降峰双元音是一个动态目标,而升峰双元音则由两个静态目标组成。
Taking the acoustics and phonetic kinematics of Ningbo dialect as an example, this paper discusses the phonetic differences between the diphthong diphthongs and the ascending diphthongs that are common in Chinese dialects. Acoustic recordings of the article were from 20 speakers (10 males and 10 females), and articulation material was from 6 speakers (4 males and 2 females). Acoustics study found that the acoustic properties of the two components of the ascending diphthong of Ningbo dialect are relatively stable and their variability is relatively small. In contrast, only two of the two components of the descending diphthong of Ningbo dialect The first component of the acoustic properties are relatively stable, while the tail component is very large variability. The study of phonetic kinematics further reveals the underlying mechanism for the systematic difference in the formation of these two types of diphthongs. The results of this paper support the notion that peak diphthongs are a dynamic target, while peak diphthongs consist of two static targets.