论文部分内容阅读
收集来源于16个国家和地区的345份香稻和89份非香材料开展了遗传多样性研究。利用分布于12条染色体上77对SSR标记,共检测出573个等位基因位点,多态信息含量(PIC)变幅为0.090~0.845,平均为0.516;基因多样性(GD)变幅为0.091~0.859,平均为0.573;主效等位基因频率(MAF)平均为0.540,变幅从0.251~0.953。聚类分析和群体结构分析将434份材料分成3个亚群,亚群与亚群间FST平均为-0.116,变幅从-0.623~0.494;据Nei’s方法计算的亚群间遗传距离从0.207~0.355;各亚群内的主效等位基因频率为0.408~0.746,基因多样性变幅为0.354~0.699,多态信息含量则从0.320~0.658。通过对18个水稻品种中的6个线粒体基因测序结果发现5个基因内不存在核苷酸的差异,仅Mit4中包含了3个SNP的两种基因型,可以作为反应籼粳分化与香味基因进化的重要功能标记。本研究较为系统地反映了不同香稻材料间以及与非香稻资源间的亲缘关系,为进一步了解国内外香稻种质资源和优质香稻育种提供了重要的参考依据。
A total of 345 fragrant rice and 89 non-fragrant materials from 16 countries were collected for genetic diversity studies. A total of 573 alleles were detected using 77 pairs of SSR markers on 12 chromosomes. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.090 to 0.845 with an average of 0.516. The genetic diversity (GD) 0.091 ~ 0.859, with an average of 0.573. The average major allele frequency (MAF) was 0.540 and the amplitude ranged from 0.251 to 0.953. Cluster analysis and population structure analysis divided 434 materials into three subgroups. The average FST between subgroups and subgroups was -0.116 and the amplitude ranged from -0.623 to 0.494. The genetic distance calculated by Nei’s method was 0.207 ~ 0.355. The major allele frequencies in each subpopulation ranged from 0.408 to 0.746, the genetic diversity ranged from 0.354 to 0.699, and the polymorphic information content ranged from 0.320 to 0.658. By sequencing 6 mitochondrial DNAs from 18 rice cultivars, we found that there are no nucleotide differences among the 5 genes. Only Mit4 contains three genotypes of three SNPs, which can be used as a marker for indica-japonica differentiation and fragrance genes Evolution of the important functional markers. This study systematically reflects the genetic relationship between different fragrant rice materials and non-fragrant rice resources, and provides an important reference for further understanding of domestic and foreign fragrant rice germplasm resources and breeding of high-quality fragrant rice.