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甜菜是重要的糖料作物。栽培甜菜的目的,在于从块根提取蔗糖。甜菜含糖率的高低直接关系到单位面积产糖量和工厂的出糖率。自1747年化学家马古拉夫发现甜菜含有同甘蔗一样的蔗糖以来,糖甜菜的历史己有250来年。甜菜块根的含糖率,1848年为9.8％,1898年为17.8％,经过150年甜菜含糖率提高了16％(绝对值),到1908年提高到18.5％,同目前甜菜生产水平相近。可见,近几十年来甜菜含糖率提高的速度是相当缓慢的。但近几年来世界主要甜菜生产国家以及我国的甜菜含糖率又有大幅度降低的趋势。例如,苏联甜菜主产区乌克兰甜菜块根含糖率由1961～1965年的18.05％,
Beets are important sugar crops. The purpose of growing beets is to extract sucrose from roots. The level of sugar beet directly relates to the sugar content per unit area and the factory output of sugar. Since Chemist Magnugh in 1747 discovered that sugar beets contain sugar cane-like sucrose, the history of sugar beets has been around for 250 years. Sugar beet roots have a sugar content of 18.8% in 1848 and 17.8% in 1898. Sugar content increased by 16% (absolute value) in 150 years and increased to 18.5% in 1908, which is similar to the current level of sugar beet production. Can be seen in recent decades sugar beet rate of increase is very slow. However, in recent years, the sugar beet in the world’s major beet producing countries as well as in China has seen a drastic decrease in the sugar content. For example, the main sugar beet in the Soviet Union beet root sugar content in Ukraine from 1961 to 1965 18.05%