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目的探讨人体血液红细胞对外源性甲醛的缓冲作用,外源性甲醛对红细胞的氧化损伤作用以及氧化损伤的红细胞对外源性甲醛分子具有氧化能力转移作用。方法以健康人血为研究对象,分别向4组反应体系(纯水、生理盐水、血浆、全血)中加入不同浓度的甲醛溶液使之终浓度为0、0.03、0.05、0.125、0.25、0.5、1、2、4、8、16 mg/L。37℃水浴1 h后,采用AHMT法检测加入外源性甲醛后4组溶液中的甲醛浓度,并检测加入外源性甲醛后血液中红细胞膜蛋白羰基化值及血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果生理盐水及纯水对外源性甲醛无缓冲作用,血浆在甲醛浓度≤2.5 mg/L时,具有缓冲作用,全血即使在高浓度甲醛(16 mg/L)下也具有缓冲作用。当甲醛浓度≥0.25 mg/L时,红细胞膜蛋白羰基化值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);当甲醛浓度≥0.03 mg/L时,MDA值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血液对外源性甲醛具有缓冲作用且发挥主要作用的为红细胞,较高浓度的甲醛(≥0.25mg/L)会对红细胞产生氧化损伤作用,而红细胞则起到对外源性甲醛分子氧化能力转移作用,提示羰基化红细胞可能是甲醛远距离毒性的载体。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the buffering effect of human blood erythrocytes on exogenous formaldehyde, the oxidative damage of erythrocytes by exogenous formaldehyde, and the oxidative damage of erythrocytes on the exogenous formaldehyde molecules. Methods The healthy human blood was taken as the research object. Different concentrations of formaldehyde solution were added to 4 reaction systems (pure water, normal saline, plasma and whole blood) to make the final concentration of 0,0.03,0.05,0.125,0.25,0.5 , 1,2,4,8,16 mg / L. At 37 ℃ for 1 h, the concentration of formaldehyde in the four groups of solutions after the addition of exogenous formaldehyde was detected by AHMT assay, and the levels of erythrocyte membrane carbonylation and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood after addition of exogenous formaldehyde . Results The saline and pure water had no buffering effect on the exogenous formaldehyde. The plasma had a buffering effect when the formaldehyde concentration was lower than 2.5 mg / L, and the whole blood had a buffering effect even under the high concentration of formaldehyde (16 mg / L). When the concentration of formaldehyde was ≥0.25 mg / L, the carbonylation value of erythrocyte membrane protein was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05); when the concentration of formaldehyde was ≥0.03 mg / L, the MDA value was higher than that of the control group There was statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion Blood has a buffering effect on exogenous formaldehyde and plays a major role in erythrocytes. Higher concentrations of formaldehyde (≥0.25 mg / L) may cause oxidative damage to erythrocytes while erythrocytes play a role in the oxidation of exogenous formaldehyde. Role, suggesting that carbonylation of red blood cells may be long-distance formaldehyde carrier.