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目的胎儿心内膜垫缺损(ECD)合并大动脉畸形的超声特点分析。方法对28例胎儿超声心动图诊断心内膜垫缺损的病例进行超声特点分析,检测参数:心胸比例、左、右心室径比例、肺动脉与主动脉径比值、肺动脉与主动脉血流速度比值。结果 28例胎儿心内膜垫缺损中完全型25例,部分型3例。其中25例完全型ECD中,合并单心房5例,单心室5例,合并有大动脉畸形15例(60.0%)。ECD并单心室5例中,4例心胸比例正常,1例增大。左、右心室可识别的ECD 23例,右/左心室径<1者8例,占34.8%,比值正常者11例,占47.8%,比例增大者仅4例。肺动脉狭窄检测以肺动脉与主动脉血流速度比值增大为主。结论胎儿ECD尤其是完全型ECD多合并大血管畸形及其他心内畸形,胎儿超声心动图诊断完全型ECD合并大血管畸形对评估胎儿出生预后起到非常重要的作用。
Objective To analyze the ultrasonic characteristics of fetal malformation of endocardial cushion (ECD) combined with aorta malformation. Methods 28 cases of fetal echocardiography diagnosis of endocardial pad defect cases were analyzed by ultrasound features: parameters of the heart and chest, left and right ventricular diameter ratio, ratio of pulmonary artery to aortic diameter, pulmonary artery to aortic flow velocity ratio. Results 28 cases of fetal endocardial pad defects in 25 cases of complete type, 3 cases in some cases. Of the 25 patients with complete ECD, there were 5 cases with single atrium and 5 cases with single ventricle. Fifteen cases (60.0%) had aorta malformations. ECD and single ventricle in 5 cases, 4 cases of normal proportion of the heart and chest, 1 case increased. There were 23 cases of ECD recognized by the left and right ventricles, 8 cases of right / left ventricular diameter <1, accounting for 34.8%, 11 cases of normal ratio (47.8%) and only 4 cases of increasing proportion. Pulmonary artery stenosis to pulmonary artery and aortic flow velocity ratio based. Conclusion Fetal ECD, especially complete ECD combined with macrovascular malformations and other intracardiac malformations, fetal echocardiography diagnosis of complete ECD with macrovascular malformations plays a very important role in assessing fetal prognosis.