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引言 石油微生物学是普通微生物学的一个分支,它的研究对象是有关石油烃由微生物所引起的各种变化。 到三十年代,石油微生物学就开始发展起来,但是,当初关于油藏油层水中的微生物,尤其是硫酸还原细菌是否存在的问题,还没有解决。自进入四十年代以来,就已开始研究关于微生物对油层水中烃的生化作用。1950年以后,开展了利用微生物作用开发油气的研究。可是,关于油藏的微生物群问题还有许多方面有待研究。
INTRODUCTION Petroleum microbiology is a branch of the general microbiology and its object of study is the variety of changes that petroleum hydrocarbons cause by microorganisms. By the 1930s, the development of petroleum microbiology began. However, the original question about the existence of microorganisms in reservoir water, especially sulfate-reducing bacteria, has not been solved yet. Since entering the forties, studies have begun on the biochemical effects of microorganisms on hydrocarbon in reservoir water. After 1950, the study on using microbes to develop oil and gas was carried out. However, there are still many aspects to be studied about the microbial flora of the reservoir.