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目的:探讨蛇毒蛋白C激活物(protein Cactivator,PCA)对大、小鼠的急性毒理反应。方法:大鼠采用上下剂量增减法,小鼠采用半数致死量法,观察实验动物症状、体征、死亡时间和累积死亡率。结果:PCA尾静脉注射大鼠(剂量17.5～175mg/kg)、小鼠(剂量为6.25～11mg/kg)的中毒表现为不同程度的口鼻泡沫状出血、呼吸困难、心率加快、走路不稳、蜷缩、昏厥性抽搐;大、小鼠尾静脉注射PCA的LD50及其95%可信限分别为29.57(17.5～55)mg/kg和8.05(7.55～8.54)mg/kg;大体解剖可见双肺有片块状出血,病理镜检显示出血主要累及肺泡、支气管等。其他器官未见明显异常。结论:皖南蝮蛇毒PCA的毒性主要是抗凝过度导致的出血,肺出血引起的急性呼吸衰竭是实验动物死亡主要原因。
Objective: To investigate the acute toxicity of protein C activator (PCA) in rats and mice. Methods: The rats were treated with up-and-down dosage method. The mice were treated with half lethal dose method to observe the symptoms, signs, death time and cumulative mortality of experimental animals. Results: The PCA tail vein injection rats (dose 17.5 ~ 175mg / kg), mice (dose 6.25 ~ 11mg / kg) poisoning showed varying degrees of bleeding in the nose and mouth foamy, dyspnea, heart rate, walking instability , Curled up, and convulsive convulsions. The LD50 and 95% confidence limits of large and small mice injected with PCA were 29.57 (17.5-55) mg / kg and 8.05 (7.55-8.54) mg / kg, respectively. Pulmonary lumpy hemorrhage, pathological examination showed bleeding mainly involving alveoli, bronchial and so on. No obvious abnormalities in other organs. Conclusions: The toxicity of PCA in southern Anhui snake venom is mainly caused by the excessive bleeding caused by anticoagulant. Acute respiratory failure caused by pulmonary hemorrhage is the main cause of death of experimental animals.