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[目的]观察紫山药(Dioscorea alata L.)对大鼠营养生理功能的影响。[方法]生长期SD大鼠40只随机分为4组,每组10只,饲喂添加了10%山药熟粉的人工半合成饲料,以酪蛋白组作为对照组,3个试验组分别为紫山药组、铁棍山药组和普通怀山药组。各组饲料的能量、蛋白质、脂肪含量均保持一致。采用对喂法喂养60d,观察有关营养生理指标的变化。[结果]紫山药组大鼠体重、食物转化率及脏器指数均与对照组无显著差异。平均血红蛋白显著低于对照组,但血红蛋白含量与对照组无差异;嗜酸性粒细胞低于对照组。紫山药组大鼠低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、总胆固醇(TC)和致动脉硬化指数(AI)低于其他3个组,而抗动脉硬化指数(AAI)最高,但无显著差异。甘油三酯(TG)低于对照组。抗氧化指标中,紫山药组大鼠血清中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性都高于对照组,丙二醛(MDA)含量低于对照组。肝组织中,紫山药组大鼠总抗氧化能力、CAT、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、SOD活性都高于对照组,而MDA含量低于对照组。[结论]紫山药具有降低大鼠血糖、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、MDA含量,提高GSH-Px、SOD、CAT活性的趋势,具有一定的抗氧化作用。
[Objective] To observe the effect of Dioscorea alata L. on the nutritional physiology of rats. [Method] Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10), fed with artificial semisynthetic diet supplemented with 10% yam flour and casein served as the control group. The three experimental groups were Purple yam group, iron yam group and ordinary yam group. Each group of feed energy, protein, fat content are consistent. Feeding with feed method 60d, observed changes in nutritional physiology. [Result] The body weight, food conversion rate and organ index of the purple yam group had no significant difference with the control group. The average hemoglobin was significantly lower than the control group, but the hemoglobin content was no difference with the control group; eosinophils were lower than the control group. The serum levels of LDL, TC and AI were significantly lower in the purple yam group than those in the other three groups, but the AAI was the highest but there was no significant difference. Triglyceride (TG) was lower than the control group. In the antioxidant index, the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the serum of Ziyu yangyao group were higher than those of the control group, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was lower than that of the control group. In the liver tissue, the total antioxidant capacity, CAT, GSH-Px and SOD activities in Ziyu yan group were higher than those in the control group, while the content of MDA was lower than that in the control group. [Conclusion] Purple Yam has the tendency to reduce blood glucose, cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, MDA content and increase the activities of GSH-Px, SOD and CAT in rats, and has some antioxidative effects.