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海洋水位的变化给予海岸发育的影响非常大,Davis(1964)按潮差进行海岸分类。当潮差大于4米、在2—4米之间或小于2米,这些海岸分别被称为强潮、中潮、或弱潮海岸。潮汐不仅用水流直接作用于潮滩沉积物及其形态,而且通过潮位涨落使潮滩周期性交替受到大气或波浪的作用。此外,潮汐又是对潮滩生物分异现象最有影响的环境因素。长周期的海平面相对升降对于盐沼和潮滩的塑造也有巨大的影响。本文仅介绍近期淤泥质潮滩沉积动力学研究的某些成果。
Changes in ocean water levels have had a significant impact on coastal development, and Davis (1964) classified coasts by tide. When the tidal range is more than 4 meters, between 2 and 4 meters or less than 2 meters, these coasts are referred to as strong tides, moderate tides, or weak tides. The tides not only act directly on tidal flat sediments and their morphology by the flow of water, but also periodically alter the tidal flat by atmospheric or wave tide fluctuations. In addition, tides are also the most influential environmental factors on tidal flat bio-differentiation. The long period of sea level relative lift also has a huge impact on the shaping of salt marshes and tidal flats. In this paper, only some results of recent studies on the depositional dynamics of muddy tidal flat are introduced.