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有关政府信息公开申请的主体是否应当受到限制的问题,从《政府信息公开条例》起草阶段开始,就一直存在争议。主张申请主体不应当受到限制的观点多从公民知情权立论。而反对者则从行政机关的实际工作需要出发,认为不限制申请主体会导致权利滥用,浪费行政资源。本文认为,除了知情权之外,政府信息公开制度的另一个重要目的是实现公共信息的有效利用。限制申请主体不符合这一立法目的。同时,文章认为,实践部门提出阻遏申请专业户等滋扰性申请的主张具有正当性,但完全可以在不限制申请主体权利能力的情况下,通过经济方法适当限制申请人行为。引入适当的收费制度,不但可以维护公民的一般知情权,也有助于从经济上遏制权利滥用和行政资源浪费。
The issue of whether the subject of public application for government information should be restricted has been controversial since the drafting stage of the Governmental Information Disclosure Ordinance. Advocates should not be subject to limit the main point of view from the citizens right to information. The opponents from the actual needs of the executive authorities set out, that does not limit the application of the main body will lead to abuse of rights and waste of administrative resources. This article argues that besides the right to information, another important purpose of government information disclosure system is to realize the effective use of public information. Limit the subject of the application does not meet this legislative purpose. At the same time, the article holds that the practice department puts forward the suggestion of deterring the application of nuisance applications such as specialized households. However, it is entirely possible to restrict applicants’ behavior through economic methods without limiting the ability to apply for the right of the main body. The introduction of an appropriate charging system will not only safeguard the general public’s right to information, but also help to curb the abuse of rights and administrative waste of resources economically.