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为了精确地预测污染物对卫星系统性能的影响,许多国家制定了相应的航天器材料出气动力学测试方法,其中美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)制定的ASTM E1559航天器材料出气污染特性测试标准更为先进。此测试方法与以往实验方法相比,可以对材料出气特性进行原位测量,并且可以获得与时间和温度相关的沉积动力学模型。文中介绍了几种常用的航天器材料出气动力学测试方法,着重介绍了ASTM E 1559测试方法的主要内容,基于这种方法的国内外的应用,最后对该方法进行分析得出:该方法可以进行原位测试,可以获得不同温度敏感表面的沉积特性,温度变化范围广,低温可达90 K,并且基于该方法,利用四极质谱仪可以对污染成份进行实时的分析,对我国基于ASTM E 1559实验方法应用具有参考价值,有助于提高我国对航天器材料出气污染预估水平。
In order to accurately predict the impact of pollutants on the performance of satellite systems, many countries have developed corresponding aerodynamic testing methods for spacecraft materials. Among them, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) ASTM E1559 For advanced. Compared with the previous experimental methods, this test method can measure in-situ gas outflow properties and obtain the sedimentary kinetic model related to time and temperature. In this paper, several commonly used aerodynamic testing methods for spacecraft materials are introduced. The main contents of the ASTM E 1559 test method are introduced. Based on the application of this method at home and abroad, the method is finally analyzed and concluded that this method can In situ testing can obtain the deposition characteristics of different temperature-sensitive surfaces with a wide temperature range and low temperature up to 90 K. Based on this method, the four-pole mass spectrometer can be used to analyze the contaminated components in real time. The application of 1559 experimental method is of reference value and helps to raise the prediction level of air pollution in spacecraft materials in China.