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准直是指保证光学轴线间的平行,或光学轴线与基面垂直的测量过程,常用于火箭发射时的瞄准和重型机械制造中平行度、垂直度等几何要求的测量。本文论述了平行光准直法、平行光自准直法、投射法、瞄标记准直法、光电法等远距离准直方法,并分析了其原理、特点、应用、测量精度及其发展趋势。
Collimation is to ensure that the optical axis parallel to each other, or optical axis perpendicular to the base surface of the measurement process, commonly used in rocket launch aiming and heavy machinery manufacturing parallelism, verticality and other geometric requirements of the measurement. This article discusses the collimation method of parallel light collimation, parallel light self-collimation method, projection method, aiming mark collimator method, photoelectric method and other long-distance collimation methods, and analyzes its principle, characteristics, applications, measurement accuracy and its development trend .