双氢克尿塞所致电解质平衡紊乱及其处理

• 作 者: 梁鳳閣
• 机 构: 山东省立医院儿科,
• 出 处: 天津医药杂志
• 发表日期: 1962年03期
• 关键词: 双氢克尿塞 利尿药 电解质平衡 渗透性利尿 低氯性碱中毒 碳酸酐酶抑制剂 低盐综合征 肾小管细胞 利尿作用 水肿病

临床对于各种原因的水肿,至今尚乏较理想的利尿药。自Roblin氏介绍了碳酸酐酶抑制剂以后,1957年Novello氏合成了克尿塞(Chlorothiazide),被认为效果强,毒性低之利尿药物。近来又合成双氢克尿塞,其利尿作用为抑制肾小管细胞的碳酸酐酶,阻止钠盐的再吸收,以发生渗透性利尿作用,钠及氯化物,以及重碳酸盐、钾自尿中排出。适应于各种疾患引起的水肿。但长期服用能引起低氯性碱中毒,低盐综合征,低血钾等。

Clinical edema for a variety of reasons, there is still no ideal diuretic. Since Roblin’s introduction of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Novello’s synthetic chlorothiazide was found in 1957 to be considered as a potent and toxic diuretic. Hydrochlorothiazide has recently been synthesized, its diuretic effect is to inhibit the tubular cells of carbonic anhydrase, to prevent the reabsorption of sodium to osmotic diuretic effect, sodium and chloride, and bicarbonate, potassium excreted from the urine. Adapted to a variety of diseases caused by edema. However, long-term use can cause low chloride alkalosis, low salt syndrome, hypokalemia and so on.