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马歇尔·霍奇森是20世纪五六十年代美国芝加哥大学著名的世界历史学家和伊斯兰学专家,美国世界历史学科的重要开拓者之一。他指出,历史学家要努力摆脱各种已有思想观念导致的“预设”束缚,而让新的世界历史学科在史学学术中处于应有的核心地位。其尝试发展与世界历史学科相适应的方法论,从“跨区域图景”的视野出发看待世界历史和伊斯兰文明,得出了不同于传统的历史分期,也重新解释了欧美的现代性。如何评介他的世界历史思想,并据此说明其在美国世界历史学科发展中所做贡献,是一个值得关注的议题。
Marshall Hodgson was one of the world’s historians and Islamic experts at the University of Chicago in the 1950s and 1960s and one of the pioneers in the history of the United States. He pointed out that historians must work hard to get rid of the “presupposition” bound by various existing ideological concepts and allow the new world history discipline to play a central role in historical academic research. It attempts to develop a methodology that is compatible with the world history and looks at the history of the world and the Islamic civilization from the perspective of the “cross-regional view.” It draws the historical stage different from the traditional one and reinterprets the modernity of Europe and the United States. How to comment on his ideas of world history and explain his contribution to the development of the history of the world’s history in the United States is a topic of concern.