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对１０８９例患者行１１１４次同种异体肾移植术，其中１７８例进行了组织学及免疫组织化学的研究，发现：①环孢霉素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）肾中毒占１０例；②光镜下可见近曲肾小管上皮明显浊肿，管腔明显变窄，上皮细胞颗粒变性，部分可见间质小动脉玻璃样变性；③电镜下可见近曲小管上皮细胞线粒体肿胀，呈极度扩大的球形。但肾小管基底膜清晰规则，电子密度均匀。结果表明：①肾近曲小管是肾单位中对ＣｓＡ肾中毒最为敏感的部位；②ＣｓＡ肾中毒可造成肾小管上皮细胞空泡变性，线粒体高度扩张，可能与线粒体Ｃａ２＋的内流有关；③ＣｓＡ肾中毒后肾小管基底膜保持完整，为肾小管上皮细胞的再生和恢复提供了条件；④应重视ＣｓＡ肾中毒与排斥反应时变性坏死的肾小管相区别。
A total of 1114 allograft renal transplantations were performed in 1089 patients, of which 178 were studied histologically and immunohistochemically and found that: (1) cyclosporin A (CsA) nephrotoxicity accounted for 10 cases; (2) under light microscopy Proximal tubule epithelial obvious turbidity, lumen was significantly narrowed, epithelial cell degeneration, some can be seen in interstitial arteriole glassy degeneration; ③ electron microscopy can be seen proximal tubule epithelial mitochondria swelling, was extremely enlarged spherical. But the tubular basement membrane clear rules, uniform electron density. The results showed that: (1) renal proximal tubule is the most sensitive part of nephrons to CsA nephrotoxicity; (2) CsA nephrotoxicity can cause the degeneration of tubular epithelial cells and the highly expanded mitochondria, which may be related to the influx of mitochondrial Ca2 +; ③CsA nephrotoxicity After the tubular basement membrane remains intact, for the regeneration and recovery of renal tubular epithelial cells provided the conditions; ④ should pay attention to CsA renal toxicity and rejection of degeneration and necrosis of the renal tubular phase difference.