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[目的]探讨前N后移对超级稻组合淦鑫688源库特征的影响。[方法]以超级稻组合淦鑫688为试验材料,测定其源器官性状(叶面积指数,叶重,叶绿素含量,剑叶光合速率,茎鞘干物质积累及输出)及产量,并研究了氮肥运筹对源库关系,产量及N肥利用的影响。[结果]适量N肥后移有利于优化群体质量、协调源库关系、增强叶片功能、延长叶片功能期、提高N肥利用效益。抽穗后,叶面积指数和叶绿素含量随穗肥用量的增加而提高,且其下降速率随穗肥用量增加而减缓。适量增施穗肥,可延长下位叶功能期、提高抽穗期茎鞘物质贮藏量、总库容量和单位叶面积承载的库容量、提高成穗率和结实率、减少籽粒库对茎鞘物质的需求量、提高植株抗倒伏能力,还能提高N素的物质生产力和稻谷生产力,提高N素吸施比和N素总积累量。对于淦鑫688而言,在施N量为175-205kg/hm2时,穗肥用量以占总施N量的40%～45%为好。[结论]该研究为超级稻建立协调的巨库强源关系而制定合理高效的施N策略提供了依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the effect of the former N post-shift on the characteristics of the super-rice combination Ganxin 688 source library. [Method] With super rice combination Ganxin 688 as tested material, its source organ traits (leaf area index, leaf weight, chlorophyll content, flag leaf photosynthesis rate, stem and sheath dry matter accumulation and export) and yield were studied. Effects of Operations on Source and Sink Relationship, Yield and N Use Efficiency. [Result] Appropriate amount of N fertilizer was beneficial to optimize the population quality, coordinate the relationship between source and sink, enhance the function of leaves, prolong the functional period of leaves and improve the efficiency of N utilization. After heading, the leaf area index and chlorophyll content increased with the increase of the amount of panicle fertilizer, and the rate of decline slowed down with the increase of panicle fertilizer. Appropriate amount of panicle fertilizer can prolong the functional period of lower lobe and increase the storage capacity of stem and sheath, total storage capacity and storage capacity of leaf area per unit area at the heading stage, increase the rate of panicle formation and seed setting, Demand, improve plant lodging resistance, but also improve the N-material productivity and rice productivity, improve the N absorption ratio and total N accumulation. For Ganxin 688, when N application rate is 175-205kg / hm2, the amount of spike fertilizer should be 40% -45% of the total N application rate. [Conclusion] This study provided the basis for establishing a coordinated and effective mechanism of nitrogen and nitrogen in super rice system.