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目的了解近年来江阴市化学性食物中毒事件发生的原因和流行特征,为制订有效控制措施提供依据。方法从2004-2011年江阴市食物中毒报表资料中收集有关化学性食物中毒的全部个案报表,按年度、季节、城乡、场所及发生原因等方面进行统计和分析。结果 2004-2011年江阴市发生化学性食物中毒事件16起,中毒153人,死亡1人,分别占江阴市同期食物中毒报告总数的15.69%、9.36%和100.00%。主要中毒因子是有机磷(50.00%)和亚硝酸盐(18.75%);中毒场所以家庭为主(50.00%),其次是集体食堂(37.50%);误食(68.75%)是化学性食物中毒的主要原因;农村发生中毒的起数(81.25%)远高于城市;2009-2011年中毒发生率呈明显下降趋势。结论进一步加强对有机磷农药、亚硝酸盐等剧毒化学品的监管,进一步提高社会公众的道德法制观念、卫生意识与自我保护能力,是减少化学性食物中毒事件发生的有效途径。
Objective To understand the causes and epidemic characteristics of chemical food poisoning incidents in Jiangyin City in recent years and provide the basis for effective control measures. Methods All cases of chemical food poisoning were collected from the food poisoning report of Jiangyin City from 2004 to 2011, and the statistics and analysis were made according to the annual, seasonal, urban and rural areas, places and causes. Results From 2004 to 2011, 16 food poisoning incidents occurred in Jiangyin City, 153 were poisoned and 1 died, accounting for 15.69%, 9.36% and 100.00% of the total food poisoning reports in Jiangyin City respectively. The main poisoning factors were organic phosphorus (50.00%) and nitrite (18.75%). The main poisoning sites were home-based (50.00%), followed by collective canteens (37.50% The incidence of poisoning in rural areas (81.25%) is much higher than that of urban areas; the incidence of poisoning in 2009-2011 shows a significant downward trend. Conclusion To further strengthen the supervision of highly toxic organophosphorus pesticides, nitrites and other toxic chemicals, to further enhance the public’s moral and legal concepts, health awareness and self-protection ability is an effective way to reduce the occurrence of chemical food poisoning.