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1792年的圣诞节,26岁的英国学者约翰·道尔顿特意买了一双适合老年人穿的棕灰色袜子,送给妈妈作为圣诞礼物。谁知母亲接过袜子,打开包装一看,竟然笑着说:“我这么大年纪啦,怎么能穿樱桃红色的袜子呢?”道尔顿争辩说:“这袜子明明是棕灰色的嘛!”后来他请了许多人帮忙识别,其中绝大多数人都说这袜子是樱桃红色的。道尔顿寻思:为什么自己看上去是棕灰色的而别人看到的却是樱桃红色的呢?最后他相信是自己的眼睛有毛病。于是,他放下手中的工作,开始仔细研究起这一奇特的现象。他经过两年多大量的搜集实例,并对许多人的辨色能力进行了细致的鉴别比较,终于弄清了“色盲症”这种先天性色觉障碍疾病,于1794年发表了《视觉之异常》的论文,为医学诊断史上作出了突出的贡献。原来,道尔顿是一个红绿色盲患者。
1792 Christmas, 26-year-old British scholar John Dalton deliberately bought a pair of brown gray socks for the elderly to give her mother as a Christmas present. Who knows the mother took the socks, opened the package to see, even with a smile said: “I am so old, how can I wear cherry red socks?” “Dalton argues:” This socks is clearly gray-brown Well! “Later, he invited a lot of people to help identify, most of them said that the socks are cherry-red. Dalton pondered: Why do they look pale brown while others see the cherry red? Finally, he believes his own eyes defective. So, he put aside his work, began to study this peculiar phenomenon carefully. After more than two years of collecting a large number of examples, and many people’s ability to distinguish the color of a detailed identification and comparison, and finally find out ”color blindness “ this congenital color vision disorders, published in 1794, ”Vision Abnormal "thesis, made a prominent contribution to the history of medical diagnosis. It turned out Dalton is a red-green blind.