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目的了解阜阳市婴儿接种卡介苗(Bacilli Calmette-Guérin Vaccine,BCG)后阳性率水平及其影响因素。方法用卡介菌纯蛋白衍生物(Purified Protein Derivative of BCG,BCG-PPD)试验方法,随机调查2919名婴儿接种BCG 3个月后的阳性率。结果 BCG-PPD试验总阳性率为90.85%,城区婴儿阳性率(96.33%)高于农村婴儿(90.10%)(χ2=15.930,P<0.05)。阜阳市辖区内8个县(区、市)中的界首、阜南、颍州、临泉、颍上阳性率高于全市平均水平,颍东、颍泉、太和低于全市平均水平。出生当天接种BCG与出生30天后接种的阳性率(91.44%∶89.39%)差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.844,P>0.05);90天内接种BCG的阳性率(91.90%)高于出生90天后接种的阳性率(83.73%)(χ2=26.246,P<0.05)。卡痕大小与阳性率呈正相关,接种时间间隔与阳性率呈负相关。结论卡痕可作为BCG接种质量的参考。严把产科预防接种单位BCG接种关口,提高BCG及时接种率。
Objective To investigate the positive rate of Bacilli Calmette-Guérin Vaccine (BCG) and its influencing factors in Fuyang City. Methods The positive rate of BCG in 3,919 infants after vaccination was investigated with the method of BCG-PPD (Purified Protein Derivative of BCG). Results The positive rate of BCG-PPD test was 90.85%, and that of urban infant was 96.33% (90.10%) (χ2 = 15.930, P <0.05). The positive rates of Jieshou, Funan, Yingzhou, Linquan and Yingshang in 8 counties (districts and cities) in Fuyang are higher than the average level of the whole city, while that of Yingdong, Yingquan and Taihe are lower than the average of the whole city. The positive rate of BCG immunization (91.44%: 89.39%) after inoculation on the day of birth was not significantly different from that on the day 30 after birth (χ2 = 2.844, P> 0.05) The positive rate of inoculation (83.73%) (χ2 = 26.246, P <0.05). Card size and positive rate was positively correlated, vaccination interval and the positive rate was negatively correlated. Conclusion Markers can be used as a reference for BCG vaccination quality. Strict obstetric immunization unit BCG vaccination pass, improve timely BCG vaccination rate.