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神府矿区覆岩属于亚坚硬顶板,由于煤层埋藏浅且基本顶分层厚度大,需避免工作面初采时出现基本顶大面积垮落而引发灾变。在采前相似模拟实验的基础上,探讨了爆破时基本顶的破坏机理。建立了基本顶破坏的力学模型,推导了基本顶初次破断距与爆孔深度关系的计算公式,计算了南梁煤矿不同爆破参数时基本顶的破断距。实验及理论研究所确定的参数在现场取得了良好的应用效果,为预爆强制初放时确定爆破参数提供了可靠的理论依据。
The overlying strata in the Shenfu Mine area belong to the sub-hard roof. Due to the shallow burial of the coal seam and the large thickness of the basic top stratification layer, it is necessary to avoid the occurrence of catastrophic events due to the collapse of the basic top large area during the initial mining of the working face. Based on the similar simulation experiment before mining, the failure mechanism of the basic roof during blasting is discussed. The mechanical model of the basic roof failure is established. The formula for calculating the relationship between the initial breaking distance and the depth of the blasting hole is deduced. The breaking distance of the basic roof at different blasting parameters is calculated. The parameters determined by the experimental and theoretical studies have achieved good results in the field and provided a reliable theoretical basis for determining the blasting parameters during the pre-blasting forced initial release.