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环境权是一项出现于上世纪六七十年代的基本的法律权利,有私法救济和公法救济等多种途径,而民法对环境权的救济是一种十分重要的方式。而综观各国对环境侵权的民事救济方式,一般是以损害赔偿和排除侵害为主要支柱的。关于环境侵权行为,不同的学者也有不同的定义。此外,环境侵权还有不同于一般侵权行为的特征,例如,原因行为的价值二重性,侵权状态的时空复杂性,受害主体和受害范围的广泛性。环境侵权民事救济的法理基础存在于民法社会化,公民环境权益的私权化。在责任承担的方式方面,我国民法通则规定的十种责任方式大部分是适用的,但有些不能适用。
Environmental rights is a basic legal right that appeared in the sixties and seventies of the last century. There are many ways to relieve private law and relieve public law, and civil law remedies environmental rights are a very important way. Looking at the civil remedies of environmental infringement in various countries, it is generally based on compensation and exclusion of infringement as the main pillars. Different scholars also have different definitions of environmental infringement. In addition, environmental infringement is different from the characteristics of general infringement. For example, the dual value of cause and effect, the complexity of time and space of infringement, the subject of victimization and the scope of victimization. The legal basis for civil remedies of environmental tort exists in the socialization of civil law and the privatization of civil environmental rights and interests. In terms of the ways in which responsibility is assumed, most of the ten kinds of responsibility stipulated in the General Principles of Civil Law in our country are applicable, but some of them can not be applied.