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目的调查深圳地区无偿献血者戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)感染率与特征。方法对深圳市血液中心2013年3~4月期间4 046份无偿献血者样品留样,应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)筛查HEV Ig G与Ig M抗体的阳性率,并分析HEV Ig G与Ig M抗体在献血者人群的分布特征。结果 4 046名献血者中,HEV Ig G与Ig M抗体的检出率分别是22.15%(896/4 046)、1.24%(50/4 046)。50例HEV Ig M阳性样中,有88.00%(44/50)合并HEV Ig G阳性。HEV Ig G与Ig M阳性率在不同性别、谷丙转氨酶阴阳性组和不同血型间差异均无统计意义(P>0.05)。Ig G阳性率随着年龄增大而显著升高(P<0.000 1)。重复献血者的HEV Ig G与Ig M阳性率均显著高于初次献血者(P<0.000 1)。结论深圳地区献血人群存在一定比例的戊型肝炎病毒感染者,为戊肝的输血安全性评估提供基础数据。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Shenzhen non-compensation blood donors. Methods Samples of 4 046 blood donors were collected from Shenzhen Blood Center from March to April 2013, and the positive rates of IgM and IgM antibodies were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The positive rates of HEV Ig G Distribution of IgM Antibody in Blood Donor Population. Results The detection rates of HE Ig Ig G and Ig M antibodies in 4 046 blood donors were 22.15% (896/4 046) and 1.24% (50/4 046), respectively. Of the 50 HEV Ig M positive samples, 88.00% (44/50) were positive for HEV Ig G. The positive rates of Ig G and Ig M in HEV were not significantly different between different gender, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) negative group and different blood group (P> 0.05). Ig G positive rate increased significantly with age (P <0.000 1). The positive rates of HE Ig Ig G and Ig M in repeat blood donors were significantly higher than those of the first donors (P <0.000 1). Conclusion There is a certain proportion of hepatitis E virus-infected persons who donate blood in Shenzhen area and provide the basic data for the safety evaluation of transfusion of hepatitis E.