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目的:分析孕妇及新生儿B群链球菌(GBS)的感染率及其对红霉素耐药的原因和药敏结果;了解GBS对红霉素和克林霉素的耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:采集484例围产期孕妇阴道直肠拭子以及分娩后487例胎儿的咽拭子进行培养,然后鉴定细菌,做药敏实验和D实验,分析其药敏结果。结果:484例围产期孕妇GBS阳性为31例,其阳性率为6.40%;487例新生儿GBS阳性为5例,其阳性率为1.03%,两者的阳性率经比较其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);药敏结果显示青霉素、头孢曲松、万古霉素对该菌株的敏感率为100.00%;而红霉素、克林霉素的敏感率仅为69.4%和61.1%,对两药同时耐药的菌株为22株并对D实验阳性的有2株。结论:临床应积极开展GBS常规检查,根据药敏结果合理、及时用药,降低GBS的感染和耐药株的出现。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the infection rate of GBS and its resistance to erythromycin in pregnant women and newborns and the drug susceptibility results. To understand the drug resistance of GBS to erythromycin and clindamycin, Reasonable medication for reference. Methods: 484 pregnant women with vaginal rectal swabs and 487 fetuses after delivery were enrolled in the throat swabs. Then the bacteria were identified and tested for susceptibility and D, and their susceptibility results were analyzed. Results: The positive rate of GBS in 484 pregnant women with perinatal period was 31 cases, the positive rate was 6.40%. The positive rate of GBS in 487 neonates was 1.03%. The positive rate of GBS in 487 neonates was statistically significant (P <0.05). The susceptibility test showed that the sensitivity of penicillin, ceftriaxone and vancomycin to the strain was 100.00%, while the susceptibilities of erythromycin and clindamycin were only 69.4% and 61.1% Two strains resistant to both drugs at the same time were 22 strains and two strains were positive to D test. Conclusion: The clinical practice of GBS should be carried out routinely. According to the reasonable and timely drug susceptibility test, the infection of GBS and the emergence of drug-resistant strains should be reduced.