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一直到中世纪晚期,爱尔兰仍然保存着农村公社的土地占有制;在法律上,土地属于整个部落所共有。爱尔兰人为了保卫自己的土地以及自古相传的公社秩序,在历史上曾向英格兰入侵者进行过长期的斗争。英格兰的统治集团,认为爱尔兰是自己第一块殖民地,很早就图谋把爱尔兰公社的土地,变成英格兰王室和地主的私产,特别从十六世纪中期起,就采取剧烈的直接没收的政策,把英格兰殖民者迁移到爱尔兰,建立起种植
Until the late Middle Ages, Ireland still retained the rural commune land ownership; in law, the land belongs to the tribe shared. In order to defend their land and the commune order that has existed since ancient times, Irish people have historically fought long-term struggles against the England invaders. England’s ruling group, which considered Ireland the first colony of its own, had long sought to turn the land of the Irish Commune into a private property of the royal family and landowners in England. In particular, since the mid-sixteenth century, it has adopted a drastic direct seizure policy, Moved English colonists to Ireland for planting