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目的:了解襄樊市低年级小学生单纯性肥胖的流行情况,探讨影响儿童肥胖的遗传和环境相关因素,为制定地方性儿童肥胖干预策略提供科学依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,收集襄樊城区及所辖市县1、2、3年级小学生身高、体重资料;自编问卷调查肥胖相关影响因素,并进行非条件Logistic回归分析。结果:2532名7～9岁儿童肥胖检出率为8.65%,其中男童为11.10%,女童为5.96%。男童以9岁组肥胖率最高,总体上随年龄增长而增加;女童肥胖率以7岁组最高,总体上随年龄增长而降低。共有17项因素进入Logistic多因素回归方程,包括4项遗传因素和13项环境因素,其中关联强度较大的因素为监护人持有胖就是健康的观念、食欲好、父母双方均肥胖(OR值分别为13.622、9.314、3.412);高出生体重、父母肥胖、不偏食、进食速度快、运动时间短、暴饮暴食、喜食油炸食品和肉类食物、不吃早餐、服从家长对食物的提示、母亲文化程度、广告传媒影响等也与儿童肥胖相关(OR值均>1)。结论:儿童肥胖与遗传因素和环境因素关系密切,应在小学低年级阶段采取健康教育、饮食调整、运动锻炼等综合措施进行群体干预,预防单纯性肥胖。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence of simple obesity in the lower grades of primary school students in Xiangfan City, to explore the genetic and environmental factors that affect childhood obesity and to provide a scientific basis for formulating local intervention strategies for childhood obesity. Methods: Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect the height and weight data of grade 1, grade 2, grade 3 pupils in cities and counties in Xiangfan City. The influencing factors of obesity were surveyed by questionnaires and non-conditional logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: The prevalence of obesity in 2532 children aged 7-9 years was 8.65%, with 11.10% for boys and 5.96% for girls. The prevalence of obesity among boys at 9 years old was the highest, increasing with age as a whole. The obesity rate of girls at 7 years old was the highest, and generally decreased with advancing age. A total of 17 factors entered the Logistic multivariate regression equation, including 4 genetic factors and 13 environmental factors. Among them, the factors associated with greater strength were guardian’s perception of fat being healthy, good appetite, and obesity of both parents 13.622,9.314,3.412); high birth weight, fat parents, partial eclipse, eating speed, exercise time is short, binge eating, eating fried foods and meat, do not eat breakfast, follow the parents tips on food , Mother’s educational level, impact of advertising media, etc. were also related to childhood obesity (OR> 1). Conclusion: Childhood obesity is closely related to genetic factors and environmental factors. Community-based interventions such as health education, dietary adjustment and sports training should be taken in the lower grades of primary school to prevent simple obesity.