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目的 :寻找理想的同种异体小口径血管移植材料及其制备方法。 方法 :采用冻干与辐照方法处理人脐静脉血管 (HU V) ,通过光镜、电镜和免疫组织化学染色 ,观察冻干、辐照和二者联合处理对血管同种异体抗原和组织结构的影响。结果 :经单纯冻干处理可使人脐静脉主要组织相容性抗原 (MHC) I类抗原表达量减少 70 % (P <0 .0 1) ,冻干处理后 ,血管内膜完整 ,脱水使血管壁细胞外层基质呈网状支架样结构 ,但其胶原和弹力纤维都完好保存。单纯辐照处理可使人脐静脉 MHC I类抗原表达量减少 30 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,经辐照后血管壁组织结构无明显改变。冻干 +辐照处理可使人脐静脉 MHC I类抗原表达量减少 85 % (P <0 .0 1) ,经冻干 +辐照处理后 ,内膜脱落 ,管壁支架结构基本保存完整 ,平滑肌细胞 (SMC)失去活力 ,胞浆结构消失 ,只残留肌膜和浓缩的胞核。 结论 :冻干 +辐照处理的人脐静脉抗原性明显降低 ,管壁结构保存基本完好 ,且具有来源丰富、无分枝、无瓣膜等优点 ,是很有发展前途的生物性血管移植材料 ,值得临床进一步推广应用。
Objective: To find the ideal small allograft vascular graft material and its preparation method. Methods: The human umbilical vein (HUV) was treated by freeze-drying and irradiation. The morphology of vascular alloantigens and tissues were observed by light microscope, electron microscope and immunohistochemical staining. Impact. Results: The expression of MHC class I antigen in human umbilical vein was reduced by 70% (P <0.01) by simple lyophilization. After lyophilization, the intima became intact and dehydrated The extracellular matrix of the vascular wall showed a reticular scaffold-like structure, but both collagen and elastic fibers were well preserved. Pure irradiation can reduce the expression of MHC class I antigen in human umbilical vein by 30% (P <0.05), and there was no significant change in the tissue structure of the vessel wall after irradiation. Lyophilized + irradiation treatment could reduce the expression of MHC class I antigen in human umbilical vein by 85% (P <0.01). After lyophilization + radiation treatment, the intima shed and the stent wall structure was basically preserved, Smooth muscle cells (SMC) lose their vitality, the cytoplasmic structure disappears, leaving only the muscle membrane and concentrated nuclei. Conclusion: The freeze-dried + irradiated human umbilical vein antigenicity was significantly reduced, the wall structure is well preserved, and has the advantages of rich sources, no branches, no valves, etc., is a promising biological graft material, Worth further clinical application.