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江泽民主席指出:“一个没有创新能力的民族,难于屹立于世界先进民族之林”。在过去的近半个世纪中,勿庸置疑,我国的科技事业在几乎为零的基础上获得了令人瞩目的发展。但是,与发达国家相比,我国目前的科技国际竞争力仍排位世界第二十八,与我国在国际事务上已有的发言权和实际地位严重不符。造成这一结果的原因是多方面的,如知识和科技的储备不足、知识创新和技术创新效率不高、人才外流、国家整体创新能力不强等。但是笔者认为,主导原因之一是国家创新体系不完善。这种不完善主要表现在:企业缺乏创新能力;科技与经济严重脱节;研究与发展投入不足;科技成果转化为生产力渠道不畅;创新行为在某种程度上还没有成为自我需求。历史告诉我们,落后是要挨打的,发展经济是硬道理。社会发展的实践已经证明,维持经济增长的动力主要来自科技创新。因此,只有提高创新能力,特别是提高国家整体的创新能力,才能促进经济持续发展。
President Jiang Zemin pointed out: “A nation without innovative capabilities can hardly stand in the forefront of the advanced nations in the world.” In the past half century, it is beyond doubt that our science and technology undertook remarkable development on the basis of almost zero. However, compared with the developed countries, China's current international competitiveness of science and technology ranks the 28th in the world, which is seriously inconsistent with the existing right of speech and the actual status of our country in international affairs. The reasons for this result are manifold, such as insufficient reserves of knowledge and science and technology, low efficiency of knowledge innovation and technological innovation, brain drain, lack of overall national innovation capability and so on. However, in my opinion, one of the main reasons is that the national innovation system is imperfect. This imperfection mainly manifests itself in the following factors: the lack of innovation capability in enterprises, the serious disconnection between science and technology and economy, the insufficient investment in research and development, the poor scientific and technological achievements being transformed into productive forces, and the innovative behavior to some extent still not becoming self-demands. History tells us that behind is to be beaten, economic development is the last word. The practice of social development has proved that the driving force for maintaining economic growth mainly comes from technological innovation. Therefore, only by enhancing innovation capability, especially by improving the overall national innovation capacity, can sustainable economic development be promoted.