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法律的经济分析包含着独立但又相互关联的三项任务。第一是用经济学预测法规的效果。第二是用经济学找出在经济意义上有效率的法规,从而提出法规应该是什么。第三是用经济学预测法规将是什么。其中,第一项任务基本上是运用价格理论,第二项任务主要运用福利经济学理论,而第三项任务主要运用公共选择理论。法律效果预测在这三项任务中,争议最少的是其中的第一项——用经济分析的方法预测可选择的法规的效果。在许多情况下,这样做的结果是为了表明,一个法规的效果与非经济学家所希望的是根本不同的。
The economic analysis of law contains three independent but interrelated tasks. The first is to use economics to predict the effects of regulations. The second is to find out economically efficient laws and regulations by using economics, so as to propose what laws and regulations should be. The third is to use economics to predict what the rules will be. Among them, the first task is basically the use of price theory, the second task mainly uses the theory of welfare economics, and the third task mainly uses public choice theory. Legal Effect Forecasting Among the three tasks, the least controversial is the first of these - using economic analysis to predict the effectiveness of alternative regulations. In many cases, the result of doing so is to show that the effect of a regulation is fundamentally different from what non-economists would like.