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凿岩机具中较早使用的是气动凿岩机,至今已有七十多年的历史。随着科学技术的不断发展,出现了较先进的液压凿岩机,无论从动力消耗、能量利用、凿岩速度以及减少环境污染等方面都胜过了气动凿岩机。所以近十余年来,世界各国纷纷采用液压凿岩机代替气动凿岩机。为更好地推广使用液压凿岩机具,国外一些公司曾对液压和气动凿岩机具作了一系列的比较试验。一、动力消耗和能量利用率气动凿岩机的动力是压缩空气,通常在8kgf/cm~2以下;液压凿岩机采用高压油为动力。液压比气压高出几十倍,大大提高了冲击力。动力传递效率和能量利用率也有较大的提高(参见表)。
The pneumatic rock drill has been used earlier in rock drilling tools and has been used for more than 70 years. With the continuous development of science and technology, there have been more advanced hydraulic rock drills, which have surpassed pneumatic rock drills in terms of power consumption, energy utilization, rock drilling speed, and reduction of environmental pollution. Therefore, in the past more than ten years, various countries in the world have adopted hydraulic rock drills instead of pneumatic rock drills. In order to better promote the use of hydraulic rock drilling tools, some foreign companies have conducted a series of comparative tests on hydraulic and pneumatic rock drilling tools. First, power consumption and energy utilization The power of the pneumatic rock drill is compressed air, usually below 8kgf/cm~2; the hydraulic rock drill is powered by high pressure oil. Hydraulic pressure is tens of times higher than air pressure, which greatly increases the impact force. Power transmission efficiency and energy utilization have also been greatly improved (see table).