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在生活中处处都可以遇到学习和经验积累的机会,除了在学校以及实验室等正规的教育环境外,也可以在家中、街头角落、游乐场或者是参观博物馆、动物园、公园、植物园等。这些大多是学习与娱乐参半的,而且在校外学习的机会越来越受到重视。以博物馆为例,2016年5月18日国际博物馆日上,国家文物局公布,截至2015年底,全国登记注册的博物馆以达4692家,近年来全国博物馆每年举办展览超过两万个,参观观众约7亿人次,一年举办20万次教育活动。博物馆人开始扪心自问,到底在配合观众的需要方面做得多么有效?人们是否从博物馆的展览展示甚至在活动中学到东西?这些是否符合观众的需要?是否能吸引更多元化、更多的观众?因此,观众研究必不可少,特别是质化评量也越来越受博物馆的重视。
There are opportunities to learn and experience all over the world. In addition to the formal educational environment such as schools and laboratories, you can also visit the museums, zoos, parks, botanical gardens, etc. These are mostly learning and entertainment, and opportunities for extra-curricular learning are gaining more prominence. Take the Museum as an Example. On May 18, 2016, on the International Museum Day, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage announced that as of the end of 2015, the number of registered museums nationwide reached 4,692. In recent years, the National Museum has held more than 20,000 exhibitions each year, 700 million people hold 200,000 educational activities a year. Museum people began to ask themselves how effective they are in meeting the needs of their audience, whether people learned from museum exhibits or even activities, whether they fit the needs of the audience, and whether it would attract more diversified audiences Therefore, the audience research is essential, especially qualitative assessment is also more and more the museum’s attention.