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油脂油脂是我们日常生活中所不可少的东西,牠不仅可以供食用,并且是制造肥皂、甘油和油漆等的重要工业原料,在医药上的用途也很大,譬如鱼肝油可治夜盲症及软骨症,蓖蔴油可作泻剂,花生油、亚麻仁油及猪脂等可作油溶液、软膏剂等的基质.从化学的观点来看,所谓油脂是指甘油与高级脂肪酸所成的一种酯类化合物:(?)甘油脂肪酸油脂(R,R′和 R″代表三种不同的脂肪酸根)自然界中脂肪酸的种类很多,但绝大多数的油脂是由软脂酸、硬脂酸和油酸为主所组成的混合甘油酯,在这些混合甘油酯中,合不饱和性的油酸较多的,在常温(20℃)时是液体,我们就叫牠做“油”;含
Fats and oils are indispensable in our daily lives. They are not only edible, but also important industrial raw materials for the production of soaps, glycerin, and paints. They are also of great use in medicine, such as cod liver oil for night blindness and osteomalacia. Castor oil can be used as a laxative. Peanut oil, linseed oil and lard can be used as a base for oil solutions, ointments, etc. From a chemical point of view, the so-called oils and fats refer to esters of glycerol and higher fatty acids. Compounds: (?) Glycerol fatty acid oils and fats (R, R’ and R“ represent three different fatty acid radicals) There are many types of fatty acids in nature, but the vast majority of oils are palmitic, stearic and oleic acids. The main composition of the mixed glycerides, in these mixed glycerides, more unsaturated oleic acid, at room temperature (20 °C) is a liquid, we call it ”oil";