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目的探讨胚胎早期母体孕酮过度暴露与尿道下裂发生的关系。方法随机三组SD大鼠(每组5只),分别于孕12～19d连续皮下注射生理盐水,50mg/kg和100mg/kg黄体酮,雄仔出生14d后分别测量体重肛门生殖器距离(AGD),测各组尿道下裂的发生率。同时,将两实验组中尿道下裂仔鼠睾丸与对照组睾丸采用免疫组织化学APA法进行切片的VEGF染色和VEGF阳性细胞计数。结果(1)对照组产生雄仔鼠17只,无尿道下裂表现;50mg/kg组尿道下裂发生率42.86%(6/14);100mg/kg组的发生率为65.00%(13/20)。三组的AGD分别为(6.36±0.56)mm,(5.33±0.81)mm,(4.65±0.67)mm。尿道下裂发生率与AGD各组间均存在差异(P=0.001);(2)对照组、50mg/kg组、100mg/kg组染色阳性细胞分别为(26±3)、(15±2)、(7±2),组间P<0.05,差异有显著性。结论试验结果支持怀孕早期的母体孕酮过度暴露是尿道下裂发生的危险因素之一。
Objective To investigate the relationship between early pregnancy embryo progesterone excess exposure and hypospadias. Methods Three SD rats (5 rats in each group) were randomly divided into normal saline, 50 mg / kg and 100 mg / kg progesterone subcutaneously on the 12th to 19th day of gestation. The male AGD, , Measured the incidence of hypospadias in each group. At the same time, VEGF staining and VEGF-positive cells were counted by immunohistochemical APA method in testes of testis and control group of hypospadias in two experimental groups. Results (1) There were 17 male offspring in the control group without hypospadias. The incidence of hypospadias was 42.86% (6/14) in the 50 mg / kg group and 65.00% (13/20) in the 100 mg / kg group ). The AGD of the three groups were (6.36 ± 0.56) mm, (5.33 ± 0.81) mm and (4.65 ± 0.67) mm, respectively. The incidence of hypospadias was significantly different from that of AGD group (P = 0.001). (2) The number of positive staining cells in the control group, 50mg / kg group and 100mg / kg group were (26 ± 3) , (7 ± 2), P <0.05 between groups, the difference was significant. Conclusions The results of the trial support that maternal progesterone overexposure in early pregnancy is one of the risk factors for hypospadias.