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采用生长速率法测定了10种中药植物的乙醇提取物对小麦纹枯病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、玉米小斑病菌和柑橘绿霉病菌等4种植物病原真菌的生物活性。结果表明,丁香、姜黄、瑞香狼毒和土槿皮对4种病原菌都有明显的抑制作用,其中丁香乙醇提取物对4种病原菌的抑菌效果最好,IC50分别为0.0852、0.3061、0.0599和0.1308g/L。美洲商陆、土槿皮和甘松对小麦纹枯病菌的抑菌效果均大于60%。瑞香狼毒对柑橘绿霉的抑菌效果仅次于丁香,紫槿皮和甘松对棉花枯萎病菌也有明显的抑菌效果。区分浓度测定姜黄对4种病原菌的抑菌效果表明,姜黄对小麦纹枯病菌的抑制效果最好,在1g/L的浓度条件下,抑菌率可以达到100%。
The growth rate method was used to determine the biological activities of ethanol extracts of 10 Chinese herbal plants against four plant pathogenic fungi such as Rhizoctonia solani, cotton fusarium wilt, Alternaria brassicae, and citrus green mold fungus. The results showed that cloves, turmeric, Stellera chamaejasme, and Scutellaria bark have obvious inhibitory effects on the four pathogens, among which the ethanol extract of clove had the best bacteriostatic effect against the four pathogens with IC50 of 0.0852, 0.3061, 0.0599 and 0.1308g/L. The antibacterial effects of P. americana, P. hirsutum, and N. barbadense on Rhizoctonia solani were greater than 60%. The antibacterial effect of Stellera chamaejasme against citrus green mold was second only to that of clove, and both the alfalfa rind and the pine had a significant antibacterial effect against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. The inhibitory effect of turmeric on four pathogenic bacteria was determined by differentiating the concentration of turmeric. Curcumin showed the best inhibitory effect against Rhizoctonia solani, and the inhibitory rate could reach 100% at a concentration of 1 g/L.