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前言甲基苯类特别是多甲基苯的甲基比较活泼,在催化剂上容易发生烷基转移反应。利用这一特性有选择地制取某一特定的烷基苯,以满足化学工业的需要,是一个比较受重视的问题。例如,甲苯岐化制取苯和二甲苯、间二甲苯异构化制取邻二甲苯、对二甲苯与偏三甲苯和连三甲笨异构化及岐化制取均三甲苯和均四甲苯等是用来解决石油芳烃中某些芳烃供需不平衡的方法。作为甲基苯烷基转移的催化剂有:金属卤化物、EDA(电子授受)络合物和固体酸催化剂(包括硅—铝催化剂和沸石分子筛催化剂)等。这些催化剂中金属卤化物和硅
Foreword Methylbenzene, especially polymethylbenzene methyl more lively, prone to alkyl transalkylation reaction on the catalyst. The use of this feature to selectively select a particular alkylbenzene to meet the needs of the chemical industry is a more important issue. For example, the toluene disproportionation of benzene and xylene, m-xylene isomerization of o-xylene, p-xylene and the partial trimethylbenzene and even three stupid isomerization and disproportionation Preparation of mesitylene and durene Is used to solve some of aromatic hydrocarbons in aromatic oil supply and demand imbalances. As the catalyst for methylbenzene transalkylation, there are metal halides, EDA (electron acceptor) complexes and solid acid catalysts (including silicon-aluminum catalysts and zeolite molecular sieves) and the like. Among these catalysts are metal halides and silicon