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土壤盐分空间分布特征及其离子组分关系是了解水盐运移规律的关键,可为提出因地制宜的盐渍土改良措施提供科学参考。在土壤聚盐高峰期,采集了塔里木河上游阿拉尔垦区64个样点的表层(0～20cm)土样,进行盐分指标测定,并采用地统计学和灰关联分析方法研究了土壤盐分的空间分布格局及土壤盐分组成离子对盐分和pH的影响。结果表明:(1)样区土壤含盐量和碱化程度较高,土壤pH具弱变异性,电导率、总盐量和大部分离子含量均具强变异性。(2)电导率、总盐量和大部分离子含量较其他指标的空间变异程度大,结构复杂程度较高。(3)土壤总盐、电导率、Cl-、SO24-、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+和K+分布趋势较为一致,由西北向东南方向递减,在老农区和原生荒漠地含量较高;土壤pH分布表现为从北向东南方向增加;HCO3-在土壤中含量最低,空间分布规律不明显。(4)对盐分指标间的灰关联度分析表明,对研究区盐分指标影响最大的是SO24-、Cl-和Na+。
The spatial distribution of soil salinity and the relationship between its ionic components are the keys to understand the law of water and salt transport and provide a scientific reference for the improvement measures of saline soil according to local conditions. At the peak period of soil poly-salt, 64 surface soil samples (0 ~ 20cm) were collected from the Alar plateau in the upper reaches of the Tarim River for salt index determination. The spatial and spatial distribution of soil salinity was studied by geostatistics and gray correlation analysis Distribution Pattern and Effects of Soil Salt Composition Ions on Salinity and pH. The results showed that: (1) The soil salinity and alkalinity were high in the sample area, soil pH was weakly variable, and the conductivity, total salt content and most ion contents were strongly variability. (2) The degree of spatial variability of conductivity, total salt content and most ion contents is larger than other indexes, and the structural complexity is high. (3) The trends of total salt, conductivity, Cl-, SO24-, Na +, Ca2 +, Mg2 + and K + in soil are consistent and decrease from northwest to southeast, and are higher in old and native deserts. The soil pH distribution In order to increase from north to southeast direction; HCO3- content in the soil is the lowest, the spatial distribution of the law is not obvious. (4) The gray relational analysis between the index of salinity showed that SO24-, Cl- and Na + had the strongest influence on the salt index in the study area.