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药膏赋形剂用作眼科药物释放,曾广泛的为眼科大夫所应用。关于眼药膏的利弊,在眼科大夫之间尚有很大争论。有些人不愿使用眼药膏,理由是药膏影响药物对眼的穿透,或延迟伤口的愈合。另外一些人却常规应用眼膏,因为上眼膏舒适,而且从药理学而言,药膏是十分稳定的。许多眼科大夫在某些特殊情况下更愿意用眼膏:在患者睡眠时避免上药水,以免影响患者休息;在小儿上眼药后因哭闹,而将大量药水冲洗掉。本文将复习近来眼用药膏各方面的状态,包括药膏制剂、接触时间、灭菌、眼内穿透,毒性及局部不良反应等。
Ointment excipients are used as ophthalmic drugs and have been widely used by eye doctors. On the pros and cons of ophthalmic ointment, there is still a lot of controversy between the ophthalmologists. Some people are reluctant to use eye ointment on the grounds that the ointment affects drug penetration into the eye or delays wound healing. Others routinely apply eye ointment because the ointment is comfortable and, in pharmacology, the ointment is very stable. Many ophthalmologists are more willing to use eye ointment in some special circumstances: to avoid the medicine when the patient sleep, so as not to affect the patient’s rest; in children after the ophthalmic drug due to crying, while a large number of syrup to wash away. This article reviews recent aspects of ophthalmic ointments in various aspects, including ointment preparation, exposure time, sterilization, intraocular penetration, toxicity and topical adverse reactions.